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I don’t really understand what the question is but I will try to explain what I think you are asking about.
The camshaft / camshafts are driven by gears from the crankshaft to control the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves to direct the flow of fuel / air mixture into the combustion chambers and the flow of exhaust gasses out of the combustion chambers at very precise times in the engines operating cycle. This operation is sometimes adjusted to ” tune ” the engines performance for a specific RPM or condition such as for example supercharging the intake air supply. This tuning if done properly can increase the power that the engine produces but usually causes adverse effects for normal use so is generally left for purpose built race vehicles. When an engine is modified in this manner it usually requires a premium fuel because the ignition system has to be very precise to prevent detonation of the fuel mixture prematurely. Since premium fuels ignite very consistently the engine can burn the fuel at it’s peak levels to squeeze more power from the available displacement. This is why factory super cars require premium fuels as well.
If this mechanic was putting the engine back to original equipment specifications because the belt jumped a tooth I can understand the reason. If it was done to try to increase the vehicles performance I would be very concerned because the original design of the timing system rarely if ever has the type of precision equipment needed to make these changes safely. I would ask your mechanic for details on why the change was made or if it was correcting an issue.
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